Eminyakeni yakamuva, umhlaba wenze inqubekelaphambili ebonakalayo ebheke ekusasa elizinzile, eliqhutshwa isidingo esiphuthumayo sokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Phakathi kwemithombo ehlukahlukene yamandla avuselelekayo, amandla omoya avele njengendlela esebenzayo futhi ethandwa kakhulu. Ngokugibelela kulo mfutho, izinjini zomoya ezimile ziye zavela njengesixazululo esithembisayo nesisebenzayo sokusebenzisa amandla ahlanzekile.
Izinjini zomoya ze-axis ezivundlile ezijwayelekile ziphethe imboni yamandla omoya amashumi eminyaka. Kodwa-ke, izinjini zomoya ezime mpo ziyavela ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nasezindaweni zasemakhaya ngemiklamo yazo emisha kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe. Ngokungafani namaturbine omoya avundlile, izinjini zomoya ezime mpo zinama-blade azungezayo amiswe eduze kwe-eksisi eqondile, okuqinisekisa ukuthi angakwazi ukuthwebula kahle amandla omoya kunoma iyiphi indlela, ngaphandle kwesivinini somoya noma isiphithiphithi.
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zezinjini zomoya ezimile usayizi wazo ohlangene, okuwenza alungele izindawo zasemadolobheni. Lawa ma turbine angahlanganiswa kalula ezakhiweni ukuze asebenzise amandla omoya ezindaweni ezinendawo elinganiselwe. Ukwengeza, izinjini zomoya ezime mpo zisebenza ngokuthula, zinciphisa ukungcoliswa komsindo, futhi zinokubukeka okukhanga kakhulu kunama-turbine avundlile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquguquka kwezinjini zomoya ezime mpo kudlulela ngalé kwezindawo zasemadolobheni. Ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kakhulu futhi zingafakwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nezindawo ezikude nezingaphandle kwegridi lapho ukufinyelela kwamandla kulinganiselwe. Ikhono lazo lokuqala ukukhiqiza amandla ngesivinini somoya esiphansi (esaziwa nangokuthi isivinini sokusika) libenza bahluke, kuqinisekiswe ukuphehlwa kukagesi okuqhubekayo ngisho nasezindaweni ezinomoya omncane kakhulu.
I-Eurowind Energy ingenye yezinkampani eziphayona kubuchwepheshe be-turbine yomoya eqondile. Bathuthukisa futhi bathuthukise amasistimu eturbine yomoya eqondile asebenza kahle kakhulu angakhushulelwa phezulu noma ehliselwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Izinjini zabo zomoya zitholakala ezindaweni ezikude zase-Asia, e-Afrika, ngisho nasezindaweni ezinonya ze-Arctic Circle, okwenza imiphakathi yendawo ikwazi ukuthola amandla avuselelekayo futhi ithuthukise izinga layo lokuphila.
Isici esisodwa esiphawulekayo sezinjini zomoya ezime mpo izindleko zabo zokulungisa eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezisetshenziswa ezivamile. Njengoba kunezingxenye ezimbalwa ezihambayo, isidingo sokunakekelwa njalo nokulungiswa sincipha kakhulu, okwenza kube inketho ephumelelayo ngokomnotho kumaphrojekthi wamandla avuselelekayo. Ukwengeza, idizayini eqondile iyawavumela ukuthi agxunyekwe phansi, aqede isidingo samakhreni abizayo noma ingqalasizinda ekhethekile yokusebenza kokulungisa.
Izinjini zomoya ezimile zibonakala ziyingxenye ebalulekile yengxube yamandla avuselelekayo ezifundeni lapho amandla elanga ewodwa enganele. Lawa ma turbine angasebenza imini nobusuku, aqinisekise ukuphakelwa kukagesi okuqhubekayo, ngaleyo ndlela engezelele ekuphehleni kwamandla elanga okuncike ekutholakaleni kokukhanya kwelanga.
Naphezu kwezinzuzo eziningi zezinjini zomoya ezimile, kusenezinselele okusamele zixazululwe. Ubuchwepheshe bulokhu bushintsha njalo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kanye nokukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla. Imizamo yocwaningo nentuthuko igxile ekuthuthukiseni idizayini ye-blade, ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nokukhulisa ukuqina nempilo yesevisi yalawa ma-turbines.
Njengoba isidingo samandla ahlanzekile siqhubeka sikhula, izinjini zomoya ezimile ziya ngokuya zibaluleka kakhulu ekushintsheleni ekuphehleni ugesi esimeme. Ngokuguquguquka kwawo, ukwakheka okuhlangene, nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, lawa ma turbines ahlinzeka ngesixazululo esithembisayo sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zamandla omhlaba kuyilapho enciphisa ukuncika kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi enciphisa umthelela wemvelo.
Sengiphetha, amajeneretha enjini yomoya amile amelela intuthuko ethokozisayo kubuchwepheshe bamandla omoya, anikeza isixazululo esisebenzayo nesingabizi kakhulu sokusebenzisa amandla ahlanzekile. Njengoba ukusungulwa kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kulo mkhakha kuqhubeka, izinjini zomoya ezime mpo zizodlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nezinjongo zomhlaba zamandla avuselelekayo, ekugcineni zivule indlela yekusasa eliluhlaza ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-11-2023